It is gaining more and more momentum in our country. Many reception companies satellite television, as an accompanying or additional service They also offer Internet via satellite connection. Such popularity is understandable: this “type” of the Internet has a number of advantages that we are increasingly beginning to appreciate.

What exactly are we talking about?

When considering the advantages of such an Internet, we first of all talk about its accessibility. Communication using a “dish” can be easily organized at any point within the satellite coverage area. That is, to have Satellite Internet You can do it at home even where there is no way to install a cable or telephone line.

Another significant advantage of such a connection is the high speed at which data is transferred, combined with a fairly reasonable price per unit of traffic.

There is only one main problem here - in order to transmit return data from the user, satellite Internet requires a separate channel - terrestrial (if we are not talking about a two-way option). As a rule, such transmission is carried out using ADSL, GPRS or dial-up technologies.

Perhaps, to the disadvantages we should also add dependence on the weather and the possibility of signal delay. But if there are no other options, the Internet via satellite dish becomes indispensable. After all, today it is simply vital for many. For example, satellite Internet in a private house located “far from civilization” will have to be installed one way or another if you cannot imagine a full life without the Internet.

What equipment is needed

If you decide to install satellite Internet in a private home, you will need to purchase, in addition to the dish itself, a cable for it, as well as a DVB receiver, and a computer DVB card. And don't forget about the converter and mounting bracket.

In addition, stock up on F-connectors - they are used to connect cables to converters. If you plan to completely install and connect the dish yourself, do not forget about the heat shrink, which is needed to insulate the cable with the F-connector, and also provide mounting anchors for the bracket.

Setting up the connection

So, let's start setting up satellite Internet with our own hands. The DVB receiver needs to be properly tuned to the satellite. First of all, you need to configure the terrestrial channel according to the requirements of the provider and technical features connections. For insertion, you can use any of the free slots on the computer, after which the necessary drivers are installed, which are available on the installation disk sold in the kit.

You will learn how to properly configure the driver you installed from the disk from the attached instructions. Your task is only to carefully follow it step by step. Having installed the drivers, we create network connection. It is advisable to download the GlobaX program online. If this point causes you difficulties, contact the place where you purchased the satellite equipment.

It would seem that connecting and setting up satellite Internet with your own hands is very difficult. But in fact, by following the instructions included in the kit, you can do everything quite efficiently and quickly. In addition, many sellers of equipment for such Internet now offer installation and full customization. This condition should be clarified when making a purchase.

We install satellite Internet with our own hands: sequence of actions

Most individual users are only familiar with one-way Internet access (also called asynchronous or asymmetric). To have full access, you need to organize a “terrestrial” line (it is needed so that you can transmit the outgoing signal), and for the incoming signal you will need to establish a connection between the dish and the satellite. And connecting satellite Internet with your own hands is a very real task.

Having acquired a converter, cable and DVB, let's get down to business. At the first stage, you will need to connect to the World Wide Web using any type of communication. This can be done using 3G, GPRS or Dial-up modems, as well as using a dedicated DSL line (if available).

Collecting data

Once you go online, find as much information as possible about providers that offer Internet via satellite dish. You will have to study and systematize for yourself the names and locations of the satellites they use, compare the parameters of transponders and clarify maps of the area covered by the signal. Be sure to check whether your address is in the area where the signal is received.

As a result of this information research, you have in your hands a list of providers suitable for those living specifically in your area, with all the conditions and technical characteristics. From here you can already choose one.

Do not forget that for high-quality satellite signal reception, the antenna should not be blocked by any obstacles in the form of houses or trees.

We are finally deciding

To find out whether it is possible for you to receive a signal from the selected satellite, install the Satellite Antenna Alignment program (it's free). The coordinates of the satellite itself are entered into it, then yours - your home and locality. The program will calculate the location of the satellite relative to your point - elevation angle, azimuth, etc. Using these data, check again for the presence or absence of obstacles.

If you have the opportunity to receive a signal from different providers, the final choice should be made by comparing their tariffs.

In addition, the required antenna diameter is important - this parameter is contained in the coverage maps, as well as the type of convector (C or Ku bands), it depends on the signal frequency. When buying a network card, take the time to compare the characteristics of all commercially available options to choose the most suitable one.

Install the antenna and check the signal

At the next stage we move on to the installation of equipment. Having dealt with this, we insert the network card into the computer slot and install it software. Having selected a suitable location (so that the selected satellite is accessible), we install the antenna there. Then we attach the convector to it and connect it to the network card via a cable.

The next step should be to check the satellite signal. The network card tuner program allows you to enter its parameters - frequency, speed, polarization and FEC (information redundancy coefficient). The antenna must be oriented exactly in the direction of the satellite; this is done using the same free program.

If everything is done correctly, the network card’s tuner should detect the signal from the satellite. How exactly to work with a specific tuner program is indicated in the user manual for the network card.

Completing the procedure

Having received a signal, you can go to the website of the provider of this satellite, register as a client and subscribe. You will have at your disposal Personal Area with all the necessary technical information- IP addresses, options for connection types, payment methods, etc. By choosing the option that suits you and paying for the service, you can enjoy access to the World Wide Web using a satellite.

Practical note: when choosing a satellite, look at what it is broadcasting from television programs. Optimal choice will get Internet and TV “in one bottle”.

About "Tricolor" antennas

Many people are wondering whether it is now possible to connect satellite Internet via Tricolor and how to do it. Unfortunately, this is not possible at the moment. Services provided under the Tricolor-Internet brand are no longer provided - their provision has been suspended since March 2012.

The company's management explained this by the small number of subscribers using this service (only about 0.1% of the total).

Maybe in the future this decision will be canceled as the company announced its intention to completely revise its strategy. A two-way Internet option via satellite is possible. Previously used equipment was able to be distributed to provide services in demand among clients.

We organize two-way satellite Internet

If you want to do away with phone lines and fiber optics forever, then you need to look into two-way provisioning. satellite communications(two-way). This connection is symmetrical and is based on forward and reverse signal transmission exclusively via satellite.

In this case, the antenna should be purchased in the Ku-band and having a diameter of 1.2-1.8 meters, with a receiving LNB unit and a transmitting BUC. There are no other equipment restrictions.

Some may think that equipping two-way satellite Internet with their own hands is too difficult a task. It's actually quite simple.

Attach and orient the antenna

The antenna is assembled strictly according to the included instructions. The mounting location must be prepared in advance. It is important to determine which antenna position will be correct. This depends on the angle of the terrain, the direction in which the satellite is located, the distance to existing obstacles and the load created by the wind on its mirror.

To do this before mounting, use some other satellite system (for example, a television).

Using the smwlink program installed by you, the antenna is oriented to the south. Having fixed the plate vertically, we connect the speaker to the sound card.

A program that allows you to determine the signal level - Fast Sat Finder. Using it, rotating the antenna, find and fix its maximum level.

Setup and testing

Then connect your computer (laptop) and install necessary programs and drivers.

If you are going to connect to the satellite using a desktop computer, you will need to buy and install a DVB card. For your laptop you should get an external DVB device.

When setting up the antenna, test it with a computer. This process is quite long and labor-intensive. Even if there is no interference on the screen, this is not a guarantee of high-quality data transmission. Achieving stability in your network is not easy.

After setting up the antenna, start connecting to your provider. The procedure in this case is completely similar to that described above - we go to the website of the selected provider, submit an application, pay.

Results

Thus, we see that connecting two-way satellite Internet from a hardware point of view is not much more difficult than the so-called one-way - one-way (using an amplifier-converter). But the disadvantage of the latter is its lower speed compared to a symmetrical connection.

Of course, it is quite possible to install and configure any equipment by professionals, but this also has its drawbacks. We are not talking about additional costs. But sometimes you will not always be able to understand the quality of the services provided, and many of these adjusters work with the help of just a household receiver, which guarantees almost nothing.

Many people, who are not specialists at all, quite successfully set up two-way satellite Internet with their own hands and never regret it later. So the choice is yours.

Today we can increasingly see satellite dishes. This type of television and Internet has recently been gaining momentum due to its ease of installation, its availability and image quality. Thanks to satellite television (STV), now even remote settlements can receive good quality television and a decent number of channels. At one time, I also became interested in satellites, but then it was difficult, since information had to be collected bit by bit, and the scientific method of “poke”, trial and error, was the most progressive.

Let’s imagine that there is a transmitter on the ground that transmits a high-frequency (television, Internet) signal into space in the direction of a satellite located in a geostationary orbit located above the equator at an altitude of 35,786 km. The peculiarity of this orbit is that the satellites located on it move at a speed equal to the speed of the Earth itself, i.e. one revolution in 24 hours, and for a person on Earth, they appear motionless relative to the surface of the earth. Therefore, the antennas aimed at these satellites are also stationary.

The signal received by the satellite is amplified and transmitted by its transmitters (transponders) to a certain territory of the Earth, called coverage area. Due to the fact that the satellite is located at a high altitude above the surface of the planet, the signal it transmits is received over an area reaching several thousand square kilometers. But its signal strength (power) is not the same everywhere; in the center it will be maximum, and closer to the edge it will gradually weaken, since in its shape and properties it resembles a beam of light. Typically, transponders are aimed at a specific part of the land. Here is an example of a map of the coverage area of ​​the EutelsatW4 satellite transmitting the TricolorTV and NTV-PLUS television channels to the European part of Russia.

The figure shows the maximum signal in single color, or reliable reception zone. The lines indicate the boundaries of the reception areas, and the numbers (52 dBW, 48 dBW, 42 dBW) indicate the signal strength. Therefore, the further you are from the zone of reliable reception, the weaker it is, which means that a satellite antenna of a larger diameter is needed. The table shows approximate ratios of the power level of the received signal and the antenna diameter required for this; in any case, it is advisable to take the dish with a reserve so that signal deterioration, caused, for example, by precipitation, does not lead to picture deterioration. This is especially true for satellite Internet.

The frequencies at which satellite programs are transmitted are much higher than the frequencies of terrestrial television, so special antennas resembling the shape of a “dish” are used to receive them. A receiving head (converter) is installed on it, which is connected to the receiver using a cable, and it, in turn, to the TV. Those. The signal from the satellite, hitting the surface of the dish, is reflected and focused on the head (feeder) of the converter, which additionally irradiates the surface of the antenna (mirror) for more complete removal and amplification of the received signal. The output of the converter is amplified and converted into more low frequency the signal is supplied via cable to the input of the receiver, and from its output, already processed into a regular television format, is supplied to the input of the TV.

For the Internet, everything is the same, only instead of a receiver, a DVB card is used, installed in the PCI slot of the computer. It performs the same functions as the receiver, only it transmits the received data from the satellite to a computer, which processes it at the software level. Satellite TV channels are also received on the DVB card.

It must be said that the satellites transmit signals as in open access, and in coded. Television channels broadcast in the public domain are called “ open» (Free To Air - FTA) or free. They are on almost any satellite, but among them there are few Russian speakers, and they, as a rule, are not constant and do not carry useful information. These channels can be received on any satellite receiver.

Channels broadcast in coded access are commercial and have protection from unauthorized viewing, that is, “ encoding" To view them, you need receivers with built-in decoders compatible with the selected encoding system, since each satellite provider uses its own signal encoding system. For example, NTV-PLUS broadcasts in encoding Viaccess, "TricolorTV" in DRE-Crypt, and the RadugaTV package broadcasts from the ABC-1 satellite in encoding Irdeto. Therefore, to view these packages, you need to subscribe to a pay TV provider.

In general, there are quite a lot of encodings at the moment, here are the most common: Conax, Nagravision, Seca, Alphacrypt.

As for the Internet, here you also choose a satellite provider and enter into an agreement with it, having previously determined which providers are available in your region and how confidently the signal from the selected satellite is received. Since there may be several Internet providers on one satellite, for more complete information, refer to the website of the provider itself, or to forums dedicated to satellite Internet.

Read how to connect and set up satellite Internet in one of the upcoming posts.

Currently wide application There are two types of satellite antennas: direct focus and offset, but offset antennas are most widely used for individual reception of satellite television and the Internet.

The offset antenna is like a cut out segment of a parabola and has an oval shape. Thanks to this shape, the signal is focused below the center of the antenna, and the installed converter does not cover part of the mirror with its shadow, as with direct-focus ones, thereby increasing the efficiency of the antenna. Again, due to their shape and signal reception, they are installed almost vertically, which allows them to be mounted on any vertical surface, and they also have the ability to install several converters, depending on the diameter of the dish, to receive several satellites located nearby.

For a direct-focus antenna, the converter is located in the center, shading some part of the mirror, and therefore they are initially made with a larger diameter, which makes it possible not to take into account the area of ​​the mirror covered by the converter. Due to the large angle of inclination to the horizon, when tuned to the same satellite, it will stand more “horizontally” than the offset one. It is inconvenient to mount such an antenna on the wall of a building, for which you will have to make a long remote bracket. But, since it is absolutely round, it allows the most efficient use of the area of ​​its mirror, while for an offset plate approximately 10% of the area is not used due to its shape. For these reasons, direct focus antennas are manufactured in large sizes and are used in professional reception, where quality is most important.

Antennas are most often made from thin metal sheet or aluminum with a diameter of 0.6-3.0 m. The most widely used is aluminum, which has good reflective properties, does not rust, is lightweight, and relatively durable. It has only one drawback - it is soft. When purchasing, make sure that there are no mechanical damages, dents, or “propeller” bends on it, because setting it up will be very difficult and may not work at all.

It should also be said that signal transmission from satellites is carried out in different polarizations (linear - vertical, horizontal and circular - left, right), so to receive it you need to use a converter for the desired range and the desired polarization.

In total, there are two frequency ranges in which broadcasts from satellites take place: the C-band, which occupies the region from 3.5 to 4.2 GHz, and the Ku-band, from 10.7 to 12.75 GHz. Moreover, the Ku-band is divided into three more sub-bands:

FFS (Fixed Satellite Services) -10.7 - 11.7 GHz;
DBS (Direct Broadcast Services) -11.7 - 12.5 GHz;
BSS (Broadcast Satellite Services) -12.5 - 12.75 GHz.

For example, to receive TricolorTV channels, a converter is used that operates only in the upper part of the Ku-band “DBS” in circular polarization. This converter only receives TricolorTV channels and does not receive channels from satellites broadcasting in linear polarization.

Therefore, when choosing a set of equipment, you must know in what range and in what polarization the selected satellite is broadcasting. If we purchase a ready-made set of “TricolorTV”, “NTV-Plus”, “RadugaTV”, then the provider has already taken care of everything for us. But to independently select television or Internet providers, you will have to look for these parameters yourself on the satellite provider’s website in order to choose the right dish and converter.

Read how to choose the right plate and converter in subsequent posts.

More complete information about which television channels and Internet providers are on a particular satellite, as well as on what transponder frequencies they are transmitted, can be obtained on the website www.lyngsat.com.

If you understand how satellite reception works, feel free to move on to the next article. In it I tell you in detail how to do it yourself without the help of specialists.
Good luck!

In urban infrastructure, Internet access is not a problem - almost everywhere there is one or more providers. However, outside the city (where I often visit), organizing a permanent channel to the Network is much more difficult. I'll tell you about my experience.

When do you need satellite Internet?

A satellite Internet user can be anyone - an enterprise or an individual, if he needs broadband access to the Network, and laying a cable from a provider is problematic. Whether we are talking about a country house, a dacha, a recreation center, agricultural organizations, or even a company whose office is located beyond the reach of fixed networks, satellite Internet is used everywhere. It is pleasant to note that the development of IT and the emergence of additional services in cellular networks played a positive role and led to a reduction in data tariffs. And since Internet access outside the city has become more accessible, I decided to independently create the necessary infrastructure for a country house.

Why satellite and not 3G?

Speaking about mobile networks, we can argue which connection option is better: 3G or satellite? Theoretically, 3G networks are able to provide transmission speeds of up to 7 Mbit/s. However, there are nuances here - the cost of traffic on a cellular operator’s network is usually quite high (at least 1 ruble per 1 MB), and unlimited tariffs imply speed limiting when a certain threshold of several gigabytes or even hundreds of megabytes is reached (per month of subscription). But the most unpleasant thing is that with an increase in the number of subscribers active in the area of ​​a particular base station, the data transmission speed drops, and for some places remote from the city, communication is only available in the EGDE standard (up to 256 Kbps) or even GPR S (up to 128 Kbps).

Such restrictions sometimes do not allow organizing reliable and fast enough access to the Network for one or several users, which forces them to turn to the services of satellite technology.

What are the features of satellite Internet

The satellite data transmission channel has its disadvantages, including the problem of organizing a reverse communication channel, as well as delays in processing requests by the provider. In most cases, users choose a one-way satellite channel, the implementation of which costs approximately 3–5 thousand rubles. depending on the selected equipment. In this case, you receive only incoming traffic from the satellite, and outgoing traffic is sent to the provider via another communication channel - via a GSM modem, ADSL, dial-up connection or any other technology. The advantages of this approach are that the outgoing channel can be significantly slower, since, mainly when working on the Internet, users download about 10 times more than they send to the Internet. Therefore, satellite Internet with feedback via the GPR S/EDGE channel provides the opportunity to quickly travel across the vastness of the Global Network. If you have an expensive backhaul channel, it is best to install a special satellite Internet accelerator provided by your provider. This utility provides compression and optimization algorithms for outgoing requests, which traditionally contain a lot of service information that is not actually needed to receive the requested content. Data software modules Additionally, they increase the speed of the reverse communication channel and also reduce the cost of paying for outgoing traffic. Some providers provide access to accelerators for free (Rainbow Internet, SkyDSL), others charge an additional fee for use of this service(Sky-Fi, PlanetDSL). In any case, asynchronous communication leads to delays, because satellites transmit a single information stream for all clients, so that when a request arrives via a terrestrial channel, the data for transmission is placed in a common queue and sent in a stream after some time, depending on the current load of the platform. The delay can range from 50 to 1000 ms (or even more), which excludes the possibility of using IP telephony for one-way communication with a satellite. Synchronous Internet ensures stable communication, independence from additional providers and increases cost savings. However, the cost of equipment for synchronous communication with a satellite reaches 30–60 thousand rubles. and requires special permission in some regions. This approach is used when there are no other options, so I will tell you how to organize a budget one-way connection with a satellite.

Choosing a provider

Once you have decided to use satellite Internet, you need to choose a provider. Depending on the decision you make, you will need an antenna of the appropriate size and a receiver of the appropriate standard. To get maximum communication quality, it is better to give preference to a satellite whose position in geostationary orbit is close to your region. You should also study the tariffs and terms of service of operators. I chose the Russian operator Rainbow Internet, which uses DVB-S2 technology (increased data transfer rate) on the Intelsat satellite, which has a high signal level in central Russia and the Urals.

Equipment selection

You can include an access device in the estimate - a DVB card or a special external device(from 1500 rubles), EDGE modem (from 500 rubles or as a gift from the operator), as well as a satellite dish (1000 rubles) and a receiver head (200 rubles). This kit is capable of turning a regular desktop PC into a satellite Internet access server. Almost every satellite Internet provider offers a ready-made kit with a built-in 3G module, which makes it possible to avoid additional settings - you just need to correctly orient the antenna and install a SIM card with a valid data subscription. However, in my situation, I needed the most cost-effective solution for five users to access the Global Network. Therefore, as a receiver, I chose the well-proven Tevii 464 card, which receives a signal from a Supral antenna with a diameter of 1 m (which is even redundant in the Central Black Earth region). Since none mobile operator could not provide coverage in this area with a data transmission density higher than EDGE, I decided to use a modem that was no longer relevant, but had a good level of reception cellular telephone Sony Ericsson S512. Thus, the cost of the kit was: 2000 (DVB card) + 1000 (antenna) + 200 (receiver head) + 50 (10 m coaxial cable) + free ( old phone) = 3250 rub. Cheap and cheerful.

WhichSoftware required for satellite access

In addition to the Internet accelerator, which uses the branded Sprint for Rainbow Internet services, an additional caching proxy server is best suited for greater optimization of both incoming and outgoing channels. Sprint creates a proxy on its own, but does not save already downloaded objects, so in my local network The free (up to 5 users) HandyCache server was used as a cascade server. With a larger number of users, it can be replaced with any other caching proxy server that supports the corresponding services. To protect your network, you can install any software firewall, which will also help prohibit certain requests that lead to additional costs, such as peer-to-peer networks, access to unwanted resources or downloads large files. If you configure the antenna yourself, you will also need programs for searching for satellites and calculating the direction of the antenna depending on the geographic location, in particular, a utility such as FastSatFinder allows you to determine from the signal from the DVB card which satellite you are currently tuning the antenna to . Careful and careful adjustment helps to manually tune the antenna until a fairly high signal quality is obtained - approximately 60–90% without application

Additional equipment and involvement of specialists. This is enough for stable data transfer. However, if you are not a fan of engineering calculations and strive for quick results, it is best to hire a specialist who will tune the antenna to any satellite of your choice, and also properly mount the antenna on the wall.

Creating a home network

A special feature of the Sprint accelerator is the simultaneous creation of an explicit proxy and transparent traffic redirection, access to which can be provided to users using Microsoft Internet Connection Sharing. To do this, just make the virtual connection (Srint creates it automatically during installation) publicly available on the network. Even when using a low-speed return channel, which in my case was limited by the speed of the EDGE network, up to 10 users connected to the server via both a wired and wireless (Wi-Fi) network can work comfortably on the Internet.

Comes with TV?

Most satellites are also designed for television broadcasting. That is, using the same satellite dish You can receive data and video signal. Thus, the selected Intelsat satellite has the Active TV service, and one of the most popular satellite TV providers in Russia, the Tricolor company, offers subscribers with a paid subscription to receive incoming traffic at no additional cost until the end of the year. However, high data transfer speeds are not guaranteed. If wide choose TV channels are relevant for you; simultaneous access to the Internet and reception of a television signal will allow you to save money on equipment, as well as take advantage of comprehensive offers from your service provider.

Conclusion

Of course, satellite Internet is not a universal solution and should only be used in cases where other access options provide insufficient speed or require too high a fee. However, in a private country house where an antenna for satellite television is already installed, satellite Internet can become the best way organizing high-speed access to the Global Network at a reasonable price.

Sincerely, Vasilenko Ivan !

In this article I will try to conduct a comparative analysis of kits for two-way satellite broadband access services or, in simple terms, satellite Internet, in order to try to answer the question: Which satellite Internet should I choose?

Let me make a reservation right away that this comparison is from the point of view of an installer and a private user, and not a technical specialist or IT specialist. This material will be of interest to private users and small organizations (farms, shops, small firms, etc.) located in the European part of the Russian Federation. For large companies with a large number of subscribers and huge traffic, completely different offers are provided, which we will not consider in the framework of this publication.

Who and how will we compare?

Today there are 3 main players in this field:

• KiteNet.
• Eutelsat Networks, which operates under the Tricolor brand.
• And the so-called Ka-Sat from Altegro Sky, Raduga-Internet and several other operators.

You can also find Hughes JUPITER kits, but this is a more expensive solution and it is more relevant for the eastern regions of the country, so within this review we will not consider them.

I will compare the proposals of the above-mentioned review participants according to 6 parameters, based on my own experience and feedback from our clients:

1. Coverage area.
2. Set of equipment.
3. Cost of equipment.
4. Installation, configuration and registration.
5. Tariffs and speed of work. For comparison, let's take 10GB of prepaid traffic.
6. Ease of purchase and scope of application.

It is clear that any of these points can change at any time. For example, some operators can reduce the cost of traffic (dreams, dreams), while others will offer more affordable equipment. So, I’ll make a reservation that the data below is current at the time of writing the review, which is March 2017.

Ka-Sat satellite internet review

Let's start with Ka-Sata, because... This offer appeared on the domestic market earlier than the other two.

1. Tricolor Internet coverage area

The service is provided from the Express-AMU1 satellite (Eutelsat 36C) at 36° East. Thanks to this, the Tricolor satellite Internet covers the entire European part of Russia, as well as most of Eastern Siberia. In addition, this is the highest hanging satellite for us, and, therefore, the most convenient for reception (especially in the European part of the country).

Here five.

2. Tricolor Internet equipment set

The kit is the most compact of all and the most modern of all reviewed. The equipment was manufactured by the famous Israeli company Gilat Satellite Networks. A kit is used for connection satellite equipment Gemini-i consisting of:

• Antennas with a diameter of 0.76 m with a mounting and guidance system
• 2 Watt transceiver with built-in audio precision guidance indicator
• Satellite modem

Unfortunately, the bracket is not included. Overall, a good quality kit, but still a little inferior to the Ka-Sat.

Four for the lack of a bracket.

3. Cost of Tricolor Internet equipment

The price for a set on the market is not small - from 24,000 to 27,000 rubles. The highest of all three operators. Someone may draw an analogy here with the Tricolor TV satellite television set, which has never been famous for its attractive price. Well, what can I say: Tricolor is a brand, but you have to pay for the name.

Because price the cost of the kit is the highest of all, then we will supply three.

4. Installation, configuration and registration of Tricolor Internet

Installation is almost the same as Ka-Sat, but there are several technical aspects that make assembly and installation more complicated. Most likely, you will have to use the services of specialists.

Four.

5. Tariffs and speed of Tricolor Internet

As for the speed of work, Tricolor simply has no competitors here! 40 Mbit/s receiving and 12 Mbit/s returning. Today, no one works faster! Even newfangled LTE mobile networks cannot offer such speeds everywhere.

To understand how satellite Internet works, no special knowledge is required. Everything happens approximately the same as in cellular networks, with the only difference that the role of the base station is now performed by a geostationary satellite, and instead of a telephone, a set of satellite equipment is used.

Internet in Ka-band

Geostationary spacecraft are most convenient for organizing satellite Internet. Due to the peculiarities of their orbit (altitude about 36 thousand km and low inclination), for a ground observer they appear almost motionless in the sky. If there is direct visibility with a geostationary spacecraft, communication through it can be organized at any time. SENSAT services are based on the latest technological advances in the space field, which are associated with the development of the Ka-band frequencies (26.5-40 GHz). The wavelength of radio waves in this band is shorter than the long-used Ku-band (12-18 GHz), and the available bandwidth is greater. Therefore, in the Ka-band, antennas of smaller diameter can be used, and the speed of satellite Internet is increased many times.

Three new Russian geostationary communication satellites are used to provide SENSAT satellite Internet services in the Ka-band:

• "Express-AM5" (140° E, serves the territories of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East);
• "Express-AM6" (53° east, serves the territory of the Kaliningrad region, North-Western, Central and Southern parts of Russia);
• "Express-AMU1" (36° east, serves the territories of the North-Western, Central and Southern parts of Russia).

The operating spacecraft should be selected depending on its own location and visibility conditions of the geostationary orbit. An interactive map will help you make your choice.

Client equipment

Clients are connected to the SENSAT satellite Internet using small satellite stations or VSAT. They come as a hardware kit that includes a small antenna and modem. A Wi-Fi router can be connected to the modem and local wireless network. More details about the proposed equipment sets and their installation can be found in the Equipment section.

Satellite Internet organization diagram

In accordance with the operating principle of satellite Internet, data transmission can be organized in two ways:

• when data is transmitted via satellite in the forward (from the network to the subscriber) and reverse (from the subscriber to the network) directions,
• when data is transmitted in the forward direction via satellite, and terrestrial communication lines are used in the reverse direction.

The first method is called two-way satellite Internet access, the second - one-way. As a rule, one-way satellite Internet is quite inconvenient and capricious and therefore is practically no longer used.
An operator from the network control center provides organization and control satellite channels, as well as pairing with terrestrial networks directly to access the Internet.