Study the design speaker system. Although the underlying technology hasn't changed much since 1924, audio technicians have been improving the design, electronics, and sound of loudspeaker systems throughout that time. However, all speaker systems consist of several basic components:

Purchase a speaker system assembly kit. Of course, you can purchase all the components separately, but it is very difficult to build a good speaker system unless you have spent years studying the principles of sound and electricity. However, the novice DIY speaker enthusiast has another option - purchasing a pre-designed speaker kit with speakers, crossover filters and enclosures. When searching good set To create a speaker system, consider the following:

Solder the parts of the separation filter according to the diagram provided. You will need a soldering iron, hot glue, and a circuit diagram to make sure the decoupler works correctly. All kits for self-assembly speaker systems include illustrations with a wiring diagram for all components, and if you are creating a system from scratch, then examples can be easily found by searching the Internet. This will prevent your speaker system from shorting or burning out.

• Before proceeding, make sure you fully understand how to read electronic circuits.
• Once the pieces are soldered, secure them using a glue gun or cable ties to a small panel.
• Finish the assembly by connecting the crossover wires to the speakers using speaker cable.

Cut, paint and assemble the cabinet to suit your project. If the kit did not come with an enclosure, you will need to purchase wood and cut it so that the resulting enclosure will fit your speakers. Most cabinets are rectangular, but to get the best sound, talented carpenters can play with a variety of shapes, from polygons to spheres. Although every case is different, there are a few basic principles for designing them:

Install speakers and crossover filters. If you followed the drawings correctly, the speakers should fit snugly into the holes you cut in the front of the cabinet. Attach the crossover board so that there is no strain on the cable to the speakers.

• Usually the speakers are screwed to a plastic molding on the outside of the cabinet.
• Use wood glue or other adhesive material to securely attach the separator filter to the housing.

Speakers are an acoustic system and come in a variety of sizes. From a huge music center to a portable small battery-powered speaker. This device is quite simple and can be assembled at home.

Acoustic system design

Typically, speakers consist of several speakers, which in turn consist of several magnets (usually two). The operation of the magnets is controlled by an amplifier that operates at audio frequencies.

Speakers are divided into two types: passive and active. In passive devices, the amplification element does not require additional power. The simplest passive system is regular headphones. Active devices require additional power to function.

DIY computer speakers

In order to assemble a PC speaker system you will need:

• Speaker 3W (from 2 pcs.).
• Mini-Jack 3.5mm connector (it is standard for connecting speakers or headphones and is very common).
• Audio amplifier. It is recommended to use digital RAM 8403.

REFERENCE. Instead of a digital amplifier, you can use an analog amplifier with transistors, but then you will have to use a DAC, and selecting the necessary digital-to-analog converter is a rather lengthy thing that requires special calculations. At its core, the RAM 8403 is an amplifier with an ADC, which makes it easier to assemble homemade speakers.

• Toggle switch for powering the system.
• Connecting wires.
• USB cable for power.
• Heat-shrinkable tubes for insulation.
• USB plug.
• Material for assembling the case (plywood, glue, screws, etc.).

You will also need tools:

1. Soldering iron.
2. Glue (for gluing wires).
3. Knife (for cleaning wires).
4. Jigsaw (for working with the body).
5. Drill (for working with the body).
6. Tools for measuring and marking (pencil, ruler, compass, etc.).
7. Cutters (for wires).
8. Sandpaper (for processing the body).

Making a “bun”

In order to ensure the highest quality sound, it is necessary to make a spacious and closed enclosure so that air circulates in it. This will make the sound deeper and richer.

We make the case

Chipboard, fiberboard or plywood will be used for the body. You can also use textolite or OSB. You should not choose plates that are too thick, as this will make the structure too heavy.

In order for the speakers to fit, you need to correctly measure the diameter and circumference, and then cut the holes on the front panel.

ATTENTION. You should pay attention to fixation, since the speaker housing is often subject to vibration. In addition to glue, it is better to use corners with self-tapping screws. This way the design will be more reliable and will last longer, and it will also be possible to disassemble the device and then reassemble it.

On the rear panel there should be places for the power cable, connection cable and a separate connector for the power switch.

Let's take care of a good power supply

There are several basic options for creating a power supply in a circuit. If the amplifier is a complex device with an ADC and an adapter (such as RAM 8403), then it can be powered from a simple USB. This makes it easier to interact and work with your PC. If there is a separate power supply, then you should carefully select components according to consumption and output power.

ATTENTION. All wires and cables must be chosen at the optimal length, since wires that are too long can get in the way and cause inconvenience. In this case, the cables should easily reach all the necessary connectors. The optimal length of mini Jack and USB wires ranges from 1 to 5 meters.

Amplifier and power supply

To assemble a home audio system, you need to connect the loudspeakers (speakers) with an amplifier and a connector. The mini-Jack plug has three channels (left, right and common). They are separated by black stripes on the connector itself and are located mirrored from the middle.

On the board itself there are connectors for the wire (L-Left G-Central R-Right). Observing the order, you should connect the mini-Jack connector with the wires to the amplifier board.

Then, observing the polarity, you should connect the speakers to the amplifier. The speaker locations on the device are designated as Rout and Lout.

IMPORTANT. When connecting speakers, remember the polarity

Nutrition of this device will be carried out via USB, since 5 volts is enough for the amplifier. When soldering the power cable, you should also remember the polarity. It is also important not to forget to connect the toggle switch from the speaker power supply through one of the wires, otherwise the device will be powered every time it is connected via USB.

After all the parts are assembled, you should use heat shrink in the bends, namely on the mini Jack, the power switch and the wires that connect to the speakers.

Main columns

After the main device is assembled, it should be placed in the previously assembled housing. Assemble the speakers carefully, as there is a risk of damaging the wires or connector.

ATTENTION. The RAM 8403 has a gain control knob. It should be displayed on the front or side panel of the device.

Sometimes, to improve sound quality, the front panel (where the speakers go) is covered with fabric.

A speaker is an acoustic system of very modest size, containing one or more loudspeakers with a built-in amplifier. Speakers are used to increase the volume of sound, and the sound is increased by speakers. Speakers consist of two magnets: usually a ceramic permanent magnet and an electric magnet, which is controlled by an audio amplifier. Thanks to these magnets, sound is produced when they interact. Speakers are divided into two more categories: passive - that is, in which there is no built-in audio amplifier, for example, headphones; and active - respectively, speakers that have their own built-in audio amplifier. System active speakers has its own food. In this article you will see how to make a homemade active speaker system with your own hands. This speaker can be connected to a computer, a phone, a player, and so on. To make this homemade product I needed:

Materials:
1) Two speakers with a power of 3 watts each (they will serve as a sound source);
2) Three and a half millimeter plug for connecting the speaker to various devices;
3) (the amplifier will receive sound signals from some device and transmit them to the speakers, amplifying these signals);
4) Switch to turn off the speaker power;
5) Wires for connecting contacts;
6) Insulating tape for insulating wires and other needs;
7) USB plug for connecting to power;
8) Heat-shrinkable tubes for insulating exposed contacts;
9) Plywood (the body will be made from plywood, since this is the most affordable material);
10) Self-tapping screws for assembling the housing.

Tools:
1) Electric soldering iron for soldering wires;
2) Glue gun and hot melt adhesive for gluing some parts and for insulating contacts;
3) Stationery knife for cleaning wires from insulation and for other needs;
4) Lighter for heat shrink tubes;
5) Hacksaw for sawing plywood;
6) Jigsaw for cutting round and other holes on plywood;
7) Electric drill for drilling holes;
8) Screwdriver for tightening screws;
9) Ruler and pencil for drawing marks on plywood for the speaker body;
10) Sandpaper for sanding the body;
11) Wire cutters for cutting wires and unnecessary contacts;
12) Compass for drawing circles.

The process of making a homemade active speaker.

Let's prepare two three-watt loudspeakers, a 3.5 mm jack and a PAM 8403 audio amplifier and connect their contacts using connecting wires.

The characteristics of the speakers are written down on the back side, and here they are:

The 3.5 mm connector has three contacts: left channel, right channel and common. There are also four contact plugs: left and right channels, general and microphone; but this speaker doesn’t have a microphone, and why would it, so you don’t have to use a four-pin plug. The values ​​of the plug contacts are shown in the photograph.

We will use an audio amplifier ordered from AliExpress of very good quality, as mentioned earlier. This amplifier is powered by a voltage of five volts, so the future speaker can be connected to both a laptop and a phone charger...

We will also use the power button to turn off the speaker.

We take the wires and strip their ends of insulation using a craft pressure for future soldering.

We solder these wires to the audio amplifier using an electric soldering iron, but very carefully so as not to spoil or damage the amplifier.

In my case, the blue wire is positive and the brown wire is negative.

We cut off the excess protruding contacts using wire cutters to make it look neater.

We secure the wires together using insulating tape.

It should look like this, as shown in the photo.

Now we solder the power wire to the amplifier with a USB plug. Yes, at the end of the article the wire will be white, since I resoldered it due to insufficient length, so don’t judge too much.

We strip the USB wires and solder one of the wires using an electric soldering iron to the speaker power switch.

We insulate the wiring using heat shrink.

Now we solder the resulting two wires to the audio amplifier, being sure to observe the polarity: in my case, brown is minus, blue is plus.

Again we bite off the excess on the board with wire cutters.

Here's what I got:

Now we solder a wire with a 3.5 mm plug to the audio amplifier.

The wire must have at least three contacts, but exactly three is better.

We strip the wires and solder them to a 3.5 mm plug.

Now we solder the wires to the audio amplifier, but each wire is in its own place.

According to the colors of the wire, we solder them to the board, namely the black wire is the left channel, which is marked on the board with the letter L; the red wire is the right channel, which is marked on the amplifier with the Latin letter R; and the green wire is the common channel, which is marked on the amplifier accordingly with the Latin letter G.

Now we insulate the 3.5 mm plug with heat shrink and hot glue.

In general, I got it like in the photo.

Now a more complex process begins, namely the preparation of the body.

Draw a rectangle on plywood, and when divided in half, we get two identical squares, in each of which, in the center of the squares, using a compass, we draw circles of equal diameter for future speaker seats.

Using an electric drill, drill a hole to thread the jigsaw into this hole.

Cut out a rectangle using a hacksaw.

Using a hand jigsaw, cut circles from the rectangular part of the speaker housing.

Three-watt speakers can be easily inserted into the resulting two holes.

And two more rectangular parts of the same size.

For now, we are assembling the body from everything received.

Now you need to attach the audio amplifier to the front of the case.

To do this, we drill a hole using an electric drill, so that the amplifier can be installed freely and securely in this hole.

From the inside of the part near the drilled hole, using a utility knife, we dig out a recess for the amplifier board.

Many users are wondering: how to make computer speakers with your own hands? And this is not at all surprising, since only doing it yourself will not raise any doubts about the quality of the finished system. To create speakers for your computer yourself at home, you will need skill in handling a soldering iron and an understanding of basic electrical diagrams. Yes, even without these skills and knowledge, you can try to create your own invention, but be prepared to face difficulties. If you are interested in making speakers for your computer, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with each stage of creating this useful device. In order to understand the following material, you will need basic knowledge of school physics and a little perseverance.

Making a “bun”

Obviously, this popular component will not work without a box. The movement of air inside the structure causes the diffuser to move, which creates volume of sound.

Apparently, you will have to make a closed box with only one hole - for air circulation. Since you're building hardware for PC music, there's no need to use hefty speakers. The best option is factory car audio.

Important! This option will not provide you with much air pressure, but it will be quite enough for a room with a computer.

Important! Don't look for strange low-pass filters on a large number of amplifiers. A passive filter, which is easily assembled from resistors and capacitors, will be enough for you.

We make the case

The body will require very strong wood. Well suited for such purposes: chipboard and fiberboard. The thickness of the sheets should not exceed five millimeters so that the entire structure is lightweight.

Important! If it's lying around in the garage old TV in a wooden case, you can use this to create a high-quality box.

Use a jigsaw to cut out all the necessary elements. When creating the case, do not skimp on glue, screws and other elements that provide fixation. Also focus on the front part where the speaker will be installed.

Important! To achieve the required rigidity, you should use wooden slats that have a triangular shape. Pay attention to all small holes and gaps - they definitely need to be glued.

On the “back” do not forget to drill a hole for the cable, and make a connector on the outside in order to connect to the amplifier. It will be extremely convenient if the design does not contain any external blocks.

BP

How to make speakers for PC? The system must be powered by energy, so a little attention needs to be paid to the power supply.

Important! Do not use for the design those microcircuits that have bipolar power supply, since it will be extremely difficult to obtain the required current for optimal performance.

Give preference to the design that requires a unipolar power supply with a voltage in the region of 12-24 V. Such measures will have a positive effect on repairs in the future, because it will be much easier to carry out repairs in the event of a breakdown.

What else do you need to consider? Pay attention to the following tips:

• The output power of the transformer must significantly exceed the total power consumption.
• It is best to create one power supply for all components at once.
• In order to achieve the greatest efficiency, place the power supply and filter with the amplifier only for the “bun”. It is better to mount the ULF near the main speakers and tweeters. Such measures will help ensure the least amount of wires and the greatest efficiency.

Important! Don't forget that the sub experiences a lot of vibration, so all soldering should be done very well. All elements in the subwoofer must be firmly secured.

Amplifier and power supply

It is better to fill the hole with a good sealant, and only after that mount the front panel. Its craftsmen also recommend placing it on a sealant, and after drying, placing it on screws.

After the entire box has completely dried, you need to select a suitable material and cover it. For a power supply, you can use one transformer, a rectifier bridge and about two or three electrolytic capacitors. Such a device will reproduce sound clearly and not create unnecessary interference.

Important! If you observe a small hum, you should increase the value of the electrolyte capacity. If you can’t find elements with a large capacity, then you can simply plug in several components parallel to each other.

Main columns

Here you can use either wood or plastic for the body. Of course, it is better to choose the first material, since using it will help achieve the best sound.

Important! If you are too lazy to do woodworking, then you can just cheat and take the old devices from the radio and install them without changes.

As mentioned above, the amplifier and power supply will be in a box, so the finished speakers are simply connected to the required pins. If you want to do everything in at its best, it is recommended to use the following algorithm:

1. Create two cabinets for the main speakers. Use the tips for making the box as instructions.
2. Use the material to cover the structure. Such measures will help achieve good sound.
3. Install two speakers in each enclosure.

Assembling a speaker at home is not such a difficult task as many might think. With the necessary materials and information, you can not only get a good, high-quality speaker with clear sound, but also save a decent amount of money.

First you need to buy or make your own sound amplifier.

How to make a homemade speaker amplifier

This is a very simple way to build an audio amplifier. Absolutely anyone can assemble such an amplifier without much effort.

Necessary materials

Crown connector;
Krona 9 Volt;
1 Watt speaker with 8 kOhm impedance;
Mini-jack 3.5 mm;
10 kOhm resistor
Switch;
Chip LM386;
Capacitor 10 Volt and 220 µF;
Soldering iron.

Manufacturing

Step 1

Place the chip on the table. In order not to confuse the sides and to correctly solder all the wires to the microcircuit, you need to pay attention to the hole on one of the sides of the microcircuit. This hole needs to be positioned away from you, as shown in the image:

Step 3

The positive contact of the connector must be soldered to the second contact of the switch.

Step 4

The fifth “leg” of the microcircuit must be soldered to the positive contact of the capacitor.

Step 5

Connect the remaining contact of the capacitor using a soldering iron and cord to the positive contact of the speaker.

Step 6

Having made a jumper as shown in the picture, you need to solder the negative contact of the speaker to pins 2 and 4 of the microcircuit.

Step 7

Solder a resistor to the third pin of the microcircuit.

Step 8

Disassemble the mini-jack, connect the left channel to the right and solder the resistor to the remaining channel through the wiring.

Step 9

Connect the minus of the mini-jack to the minus of the speaker using a wire and a soldering iron.

Step 10

Solder the negative wire of the connector to the negative terminal of the speaker.

Step 11

The speaker for the future speaker is ready! Now all that remains is to test. If the speaker does not work, then it is worth reviewing the previous paragraphs to correct errors.

Column assembly

Now let's start making the column itself.

Necessary materials

Polypropylene pipe, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the column or slightly larger;
DVD or CD disc;
Drill;
Hot melt adhesive;
Scissors;
Drill or screwdriver with drilling attachments;
Sandpaper;

Manufacturing

Step 1

Cut the pipe, leaving a small bulge for the connector. Before you start cutting, you need to mark this bulge on the pipe according to the size of the connector itself.

Step 2

Draw a circle on the disk in the center using a polypropylene tube. This circle needs to be cut out with scissors and the edges smoothed with a drill. Using scissors, make two small indentations on the disk not far from each other for the wires.

Step 3

Insert the amplifier into the tube. If necessary, carefully fix it with hot glue from the inside.

Step 4

Drill a hole above the convexity for the switch, equal in size to the switch itself or slightly smaller.

Step 5

You need to unsolder the wires from the switch in advance in order to insert the wires into this hole, and then solder them back. Then insert the switch into the hole. If necessary, secure with hot glue on the inside.